At night, they emerge to feed in more open habitats, and preferably select leaves of trees and shrubs with high protein and low fibre contents. During the winter, they subsist on poorer quality lichens, and even climb small trees to feed upon leaves that would otherwise be out of reach. The central Karakoram National Park is the highest national park in the world and the largest protected area in Pakistan. Teeth of musk deer & head recovered in Uttarakhand. Musk deer populations in Russia have fallen by 50% in the last 10 years according to a report launched by TRAFFIC, the wildlife trade monitoring network. You always can block or delete cookies by changing your browser settings and force blocking all cookies on this website. In Russia, the Siberian Musk Deer is protected as Very Rare under part 7.1 of the Law of the Mongolian Animal Kingdom (2000) and also under the 1995 Mongolian Hunting Law. Oxford University Press, Oxford. A Musk Deer Preservation Council was established in 1978 under the auspices of the Korean Wildlife Preservation Association. Males fight each other over females during the mating season, and use their long canines to fight and defend their territories. The maximum length of these tusks is about 10 cm (4 in). For the males to attract the females and bring them out from hiding, they use their strong smelling musk. The musk-deer (Moschus moschiferusLinnaeus) belongs to the Moschusgenus of the deer family, artiodactyl order. At present, approximately 7,000 forest musk deer are kept in pseudo captivity 18. London via Paris Wirbelnde, golden glitzernde Sonnenlichtakzente baden in einer zeitlosen Umarmung. Musk deer can refer to any one, or all seven, of the species that make up Moschus, the only extant genus of the family Moschidae. Five alleged poachers, including four Nepalis, with body parts of musk deer and mountain goat were arrested from Uttarakhand’s Nanda Devi National Park and sent to 14 days of judicial custody on Monday. China has quite a big population of musk-deer dispersed through the areas of Heilong Jiang, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Sichuan and Tibet. This shy animal depends on its sense of hearing to be responsive towards sources of danger. Therefore, since 1972, the Convention of the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) is protecting the musk deer as an endangered species. Efforts to establish a network of protected areas to conserve the Giant Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca have indirectly contributed to the protection of Forest Musk Deer, since both species occur in the same habitat. It makes drastic changes in direction during its flight and often every few jumps it will stop and listen. Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. Distribution: Asia CITES listing: Appendix I (Himalayan popn.) In 2002, forest musk deer was listed under Class I protected species in China and then considered endangered on the IUCN Red List . And it’s controversial: the original musk came from a sex gland secretion from a specific a species of deer, the Tibetan musk deer, which became endangered – though since 1979 this creature has happily now protected by CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). : 0681 967310 Fax: 0681 9673130 info@hfm.saarland.de Such Category II species may be taken in the wild only under permit granted by the provincial authority. Key words: Musk deer, population size, habitat preference, seasonal migration, Machiara National Park, AJK. Please be aware that this might heavily reduce the functionality and appearance of our site. [citation needed], Their predators include leopard snow leopard, Eurasian lynx, red fox, gray wolf. and Palazon, 2007) or musk deer (Moschus spp) (Homes, 1999; Wu and Wang, 2006; Sheng and Liu, 2007) are increasingly farmed to satisfy consumer demands for wildlife products and to protect declining wild populations from further off-take. Check to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if you do not opt in. Required fields are marked *, By FedEx or UPS Express Courier: € 15.00 USA and Canada € 9.90 West Europe. It is essential to hire the local guide with the keen acumen by the one wishing to have a glimpse of the musk deer in natural habitat. It is found in China, the USSR, Mongolia, India, Burma, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. The species is listed as endangered in appendix I of IUCN Red data, and protected in Nepal under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1973. Russian Federation: All hoofed mammals (Ungulata) fall within the scope of the national hunting law which in part also regulates animal protection. [citation needed] In China, hunting may be permitted in some areas, although a license is required. Diseases were the most important factor in causing fawn death [3]. In some krays there are harvest quotas for musk deer and in others a prohibition of the hunting of musk deer. [citation needed], A female has one or two young at a time. Mit dem Projekt will Musk Satelliten in den Weltraum schießen, um aus dem Erdorbit Hochgeschwindigkeitsinternet in die entlegensten Winkel der Erde zu schicken. [7], They are fairly sedentary occupying a small home range of up to 22 hectares. [9] Hunters catch and kill the deer using snares. On the Scent: Conserving Musk Deer – the Uses of Musk and Europe’s Role in its Trade. Click on the different category headings to find out more. They are most common in the taiga of southern Siberia, but also found in parts of Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, and the Korean peninsula. You can check these in your browser security settings. Verwöhnen Sie Ihre Sinne mit einer puren Duftkomposition. The hunting pressure, habitat loss and disease in captive animals have led to significant population decline. Click to enable/disable _ga - Google Analytics Cookie. The musk deers are also protected under the National Parks which accounts for approximately 13% of the Siberian Musk Deer … Common name: Musk deer Scientific name: Moschus spp. Aktuell sind 900 Satelliten des Projektes im All. The white-bellied musk deer is protected by law in Bhutan, Nepal, and India. A conservation project was launched at the Kedarnath sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh (now in Uttarakhand) under the Threatened Deer Programme of … At present, five species of musk deer are protected from hunting under the Chinese Wild Animal Protection Law 2003 as a Category I key species. Today, the total population of Musk deer may number 400,000 to 800,000. Regulations can vary from one year to another. The white-bellied musk deer or Himalayan musk deer (Moschus leucogaster) is a musk deer species occurring in the Himalayas of Nepal, Bhutan, India, Pakistan and China. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. * Corresponding author: savefauna@gmail.com . Musk deer farms have been established in China, India and Nepal. Musk is also used in non-medicinal products such as cosmetics, personal hygiene products, shampoos and detergents. Musk Deer are under second class protection in China. We use cookies to let us know when you visit our websites, how you interact with us, to enrich your user experience, and to customize your relationship with our website. The white-bellied musk deer has a waxy substance called musk that the male secretes from a gland in the abdomen. The young musk deer live off their mother's milk until they are about six months old and able to eat regular foods available in the wild. The Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) is a cervid distributed from the eastern to the western Himalayas of Nepal. Musk deer does not make seasonal migration, remaining in the same area, despite harsh weather. It is listed as an endangered species in Pakistan[citation needed] and is also found in a number of protected areas throughout; however, the uneven enforcement of legislation across its range has meant little impact on preventing the rampant trade in the species. According to reports, an inter-state illegal wildlife trade network was busted after a 36-hours-long operation at border hideouts in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Jharkhand. 10.National Geographic – Poachers Target Musk Deer for Perfumes, Medicines (May, 2010), 1Wemmer, C. (1998). Juveniles were also killed by yellow-throated marten and large raptors.[8]. Mongolia: Musk deer have been protected as an endangered species since 5 June 1995. In place of running or leaping, this species tends to "bound." to musk deer protection and relevant laws have been put in place. Viele übersetzte Beispielsätze mit "musk deer" – Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch und Suchmaschine für Millionen von Deutsch-Übersetzungen. China: Musk deer are protected under the Wild Animal Protection Law 1988 as a Category II key species. Sharma said that four teeth of musk deer, one head, skin and two legs of a mountain goat were recovered from the poachers along with wires used for trapping the animals. Why Male-Female were kept in separate cages at Musk Deer Breeding Center. However, there are no indications that the protection of musk deer in China is effective in aiding the species. Population Status, Distribution, Management, Threats and Mitigation Measures of Himalayan Musk Deer (, Macdonald, D. (2001). The musk deer, which was once found throughout the Himalayas, has been persecuted by man for its musk used in the preparation of perfumes and medicine. Changes will take effect once you reload the page. Kedarnath Wild Life Sanctuary, also called the Kedarnath Musk Deer Sanctuary, is a wildlife sanctuary declared under Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 and located in Uttarakhand, India. D V S Khati, chief wildlife warden of the state, says, the protected areas where musk deer can be found receive between Rs 2 and 5 crore, depending on their expanse. The musk deer populations could be driven out of existence because of the black-market price for the musk from their glands that reaches almost $45,000 per kilogram. GigaScience. Despite its high price, musk tinctures were used in perfumery until 1979, when musk deer were protected as an endangered species by the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES). Vietnam: Musk deer have been protected by law since 1963 and any exploitation is prohibited. Status and distribution of Himalayan Musk deer ‘Moschus chrysogaster’ in Annapurna Conservation Area of Manang District, Nepal. [citation needed] In China, hunting may be permitted in some areas, although a license is required. Musk deer can refer to any one, or all seven, of the species that make up Moschus, the only extant genus of the family Moschidae. Homes, V. (2004). That is, if the government would deregulate and allow us to use market forces to grow this into an industry,” Cai said, revealing his thoughts about the “research institute” over which he is in charge. [11] Open farming is a possible new way to extract the musk, whereby free-ranging or wild musk deer are caught and the musk then extracted, allowing the species to be conserved and survive. Bis 2027 könnten knapp 12.000 Satelliten ins All geschossen werden. The following information is available about the legal protection of musk deer in their range States: Afghanistan: Musk deer are not legally protected. In China, hunting may be permitted in some areas, although a license is required. Captive farming for musk has been developed in China, and so far has shown that it is possible to extract musk from a deer without having to kill it. Due to security reasons we are not able to show or modify cookies from other domains. Population size of musk deer has dropped significantly due to historical over-hunting and loss or degradation of their habitat. The extraction of deer musk for commercial purposes has led to a serious drop in the population of all seven species of musk deer. Bhutan: Musk deer are totally protected by Royal Decree. This site uses cookies. [1], During the day, white-bellied musk deer hide in dense cover and are shy and secretive. [6][7], Himalayan musk deer can live for up to 10 to 14 years. Found in the Himalayas of Nepal, Bhutan, India and Pakistan and China, the musk deer, a rare endanger species is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red list. Common name: Musk deer Scientific name: Moschus spp. After Inderjeet informed the forest officials, they swung into action to ensure its protection and safety. Dabei ist das erst der Anfang. You are free to opt out any time or opt in for other cookies to get a better experience. The hunting and trade of the white-bellied musk deer is the main threat to the species. Verspielte Daunen verbreiten herrliche Wärme, erfüllt von Düften nach silberfarbenem Moschus und liebkosender Vanille. As of today, CITES controls the trade quantity of deer musk firmly. North Korea: Musk deer were designated “Natural Monument No. We test and pick best 3 Apple-Musik zu MP3-Konverter von 2021, telling you how they work to save Apple Music in common MP3 audio files. Since the species is endangered and hard to find, its value on the wildlife trade market is increased still further. ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Imran Khan has once again expressed his commitment that rare species in the Karakoram National Park will be protected. There were 2 … Distribution: Asia CITES listing: Appendix I (Himalayan popn.) Taxonomy of Musk-Deer, Genus, Rajchal, R. (2006). and II (16/02/1079) See also: Resolution Conf. Tincturing a 150 million years old raw material. No Licence to Kill: the Population and Harvest of Musk Deer and Trade in Musk in the Russian Federation and Mongolia. Musk deer are hunted under licence, as explained (see Hunting in the Soviet Union and Russia), but regulations vary between krays (administrative territories). You can also change some of your preferences. 216” in 1968 and are protected as a result. In 1988, the Quinghai Provincial Government promulgated a special emergency notice under its regional wildlife protection laws to draw attention to the threat posed to musk deer species and to strengthen protection of the species. The New Encyclopedia of Mammals. [11], Groves, C. P., Yingxiang, W., Grubb, P. (1995). Source: Homes V. (1999). The Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) is a cervid distributed from the eastern to the western Himalayas of Nepal. Die Sammlung der besten klingeltöne Kostenlos Musik wird regelmäßig aktualisiert. It makes drastic changes in direction during its flight and often every few jumps it will stop and listen. MOSCOW, RUSSIA - SEPTEMBER 26, 2018: A stamp printed in . http://www.ultimateungulate.com/cetartiodactyla/moschidae.html. There were 2 … Secretions from the scent gland or "pod" of the male musk deer are used in many traditional East Asian medicines to treat a variety of ailments relating to the heart, nerves and breathing. The Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) is a cervid distributed from the eastern to the western Himalayas of Nepal. We may request cookies to be set on your device. [1], It was previously considered a subspecies of the Alpine musk deer, but was separated on the basis of different skull proportions.[2]. Forest musk deer is a national protected animal, mainly distributed in Sichuan province, Guangxi province and other places, China [1, 2]. Male are fiercely territorial, only allowing females to enter their range. Wikipedia. India: Musk deer have been fully protected since 1972 under the federal Wildlife (Protection) Act and cannot legally be hunted. Only found in male deer, a musk pod is worth more than gold on the international black market for its perceived pharmaceutical properties. Its alternate name comes from its primary purpose of protecting the endangered Himalayan musk deer. Eine zärtliche Berührung und ein Kuss so weich wie Kaschmir. Otherwise you will be prompted again when opening a new browser window or new a tab. Click to enable/disable Google Analytics tracking. Five musk deer species (genus Moschus) are distributed in China, and the present estimated numbers in the wild are between 220 000 and 320 000. By continuing to browse the site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. However, since the 1970s, the forest musk deer population in the wild has decreased dramatically due to excessive hunting, deforestation and habitat fragmentation (Yang et al., 2003). The species is listed as endangered in appendix I of IUCN Red data, and protected in Nepal under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1973. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/09/0907_040907_muskdeer.html, Distribution and population status of Himalayan musk deer (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White-bellied_musk_deer&oldid=994129834, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 December 2020, at 05:59. Musk deer farming, therefore, has become one of the most appropriate ways to protect and utilize musk deer resources. Originally, musk was harvested from the male musk deer – a small tusked mammal native to the mountains of southern Asia, notably the Himalayas. A conservation project was launched at the Kedarnath sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh (now in Uttarakhand) under the Threatened Deer Programme of … Musk deer does not make seasonal migration, remaining in the same area, despite harsh weather. This is one of the most expensive natural products in the world, even more valuable than gold—the all-time highest price of gold ever recorded is $1,913.50 per ounce (there are 0.0284 kilograms per ounce). Subscribe Now. White-bellied musk deer are very well adapted for high altitudes; they demonstrate such adaptations as well-developed dew claws, broad toes that provide increased stability on steep slopes, and a dense coat of coarse hairs with air-filled cells to insulate against the extreme temperature. Myanmar: Musk deer have been protected since 1994 under the Nature and Wildlife Law. Govind Pashu Vihar National Park. Pakistan: There are no provisions protecting musk deer. IUCN/SSC Deer Specialist Group, Cambridge. The Government of Nepal protected musk deer as an endangered species, under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1973 and CITES listed it in appendix I and the IUCN Red List of threatened species listed it as endangered [7]. Footage of rare wild Siberian musk deer, a national first-class protected animal, was captured by infrared camera in NE China's Jilin. Few of the endangered species included marmot, snow leopard, markhor, ibex, blue sheep, brown bear, musk deer and snow wolf. Himalayan moist temperate forest, the two habitats used by Musk deer which need total protection. Located 54 km from Pithoragarh near Askot in Uttarakhand state of India. The Musk Deer is included in Schedule I, Part I of the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act of 1972. to musk deer protection and relevant laws have been put in place. Last year in December, … Siberian Musk Deer Moschus moschiferus, Protected Fauna in Mongolian Wildlife Reserves serie, circa 1974. Within this area the Musk deer highly preferred altitudes between 3601-3800 m, with a 21-30° slope, 26-50% crown cover and 26-50% ground cover. The etymology of the name musk, originating from Indian Sanskrit मुस्कस् muṣká, (‘"small testicle") via Middle Persian مشک mušk, Late Greek μόσχος (moskhos), Late Latin muscus, Middle French musc and Middle English muske, hints at its trade route. The Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) is a cervid distributed from the eastern to the western Himalayas of Nepal. The species is listed as endangered in appendix I of IUCN Red data, and protected in Nepal under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1973. The deer use this to mark territories and attract females, but the musk is also used in the manufacture of perfumes and medicines. [6] Musk deer is listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and there is a constant need to protect them from … Siberian musk deer are found in the mountain forests of Northeast Asia. Protected areas similar to or like Askot Musk Deer Sanctuary. [6], Himalayan musk deer occurs in parts of northern Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, and in northern India such as in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. The females hide from all the commotion. The Panda, however, is only good for appreciation, whereas this deer can save a lot of lives. Finding of the Musk deer in the natural habitat is challenging. Indian woman makes fake Kasturi Deer Musk Pod from dog`s skin on the street in Ajmer. Your email address will not be published. (Comparison of the genome assembly of Siberian musk deer and forest musk deer).© 2020 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Few of the endangered species included marmot, snow leopard, markhor, ibex, blue sheep, brown bear, musk deer and snow wolf. Kazakhstan: There are no provisions protecting musk deer. But the funds are meant for the protection and conservation of the entire wildlife in the habitat, and not for musk deer alone. But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. Today, the total population of Musk deer may number 400,000 to 800,000. The national Red List in Russia is also intended to constitute a list of those species afforded legal protection in the country. Unfortunately, enforcement of these laws is often minimal, and the numbers of Musk deer continue to decline throughout the Deer’s distribution. National park in Uttarakhand, India established initially as a wildlife sanctuary in 1955, and was later converted into a national park. It is estimated that Sagarmatha national park has of 600-800 animals with upto 45 per km2. Nepal: Musk deer have been totally protected since 1973 under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act. TRAFFIC Europe. Click to enable/disable Google reCaptcha. We need 2 cookies to store this setting. The white-bellied musk deer is protected by law in Bhutan, Nepal, and India. The Sakhalin Musk Deer, a rare subspecies, is the only musk deer to have been included in the Russian Federation’s Red List. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Thank you for subscribing to our daily newsletter. [10] Improving the enforcement of antipoaching laws is a key priority for the conservation of this species. The white-bellied musk deer is protected by law in Bhutan, Nepal, and India. Click to enable/disable _gid - Google Analytics Cookie. Ajmer, India - February 07, 2019: Indian woman makes fake. At present, five species of musk deer are protected from hunting under the Chinese Wild Animal Protection Law 2003 as a Category I key species. Despite being a protected species under the Forest and Nature Conservation Act of Bhutan, the alpine musk deer is targeted by poachers for its musk pod, with an estimated 100 deer killed in Bhutan each year. Discovery Set Italian cities Series 3x 15,5 ml. (2006). India. It is listed as an endangered species in Pakistan and is also found in a number of protected areas throughout; however, the uneven enforcement of legislation across its range has meant little impact on preventing the rampant trade in the species. [4][5] These deer have a stocky body type; their hind legs are also significantly longer and more muscular than their shorter, thinner forelimbs. The … As the musk the deer produces is in demand for the manufacture of perfumes and medicines, it is highly valuable. This, coupled with habitat destruction, brought a sharp decline in its population. , you are agreeing to our use of cookies because females and bring them out hiding... Declining incessantly between 100,000–200,000 17, with this number declining 16, Russia - SEPTEMBER 26,:. Can live for up to 22 hectares 45,000/kg, making it one of the Indian Life... These best Apple Music to MP3, do n't miss these best Apple Music musk deer protected in MP3, do n't these... Of Heilong Jiang, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Sichuan and Tibet is only for. These providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to accept/refuse cookies when our... – the Uses of musk deer Breeding Center may collect personal data like IP... Western Himalayas of Nepal young musk deer has a waxy substance called musk that the male secretes a. Numbers of the hunting pressure, habitat loss and disease in captive animals have led to a serious drop the... 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And killed overexploitation resulting in a probable serious population decline Korea: musk deer resources serie!, Machiara national park commercial purposes has led to significant population decline for up to 10 to 14.... You will be prompted again when opening a new browser window or new tab. The federal Wildlife ( protection ) Act and can not legally be hunted due to security we... You want to convert Apple Music to MP3 converters captive deer succumb to disease and fighting and poorer! While outside the protected area of Nepal from a gland in the same area, despite harsh weather will... 7,000 forest musk deer resources Sie Musik klingeltöne fürs handy Kostenlos herunter Musik! Out from hiding, they use their strong smelling musk 216 ” 1968! The street in Ajmer R. ( 2006 ) circa 1974 under second class protection in the population musk-deer!, Groves, C. ( 1998 ). [ 8 ] this, coupled with habitat destruction brought. Accept/Refuse cookies when revisiting our site functions protecting the endangered Himalayan musk deer increasing... Market is increased still further key species world and the largest protected area of Manang District,,. Click on the street in Ajmer distribution, Management, Threats and Mitigation of. Death of forest musk deer alone to get a better experience the enforcement of antipoaching laws is a priority! Size of musk deer necessary to provide you with services available through website! 10 ] improving the enforcement of antipoaching laws is a cervid distributed from the eastern the... District, Nepal und Suchmaschine für Millionen von Deutsch-Übersetzungen the most appropriate ways to and. Demand for the manufacture of perfumes and medicines, it is highly valuable wild (... Fighting and produce poorer quality musk, Macdonald, D. ( 2001 ) check to enable permanent hiding of bar! And strong-smelling secretions, which are placed onto the surrounding plants quality musk, however, the,! [ 7 ], Groves, C. P., Yingxiang, W., Grubb, P. ( 1995.., Shaanxi, Qinghai, Sichuan and Tibet BioMed central Ltd unless otherwise.! Kostenlos Musik wird regelmäßig aktualisiert deer [ … ] Molton Brown - Milk musk Eau! In den Weltraum schießen, um aus dem Erdorbit Hochgeschwindigkeitsinternet in die Winkel. Website and to use some of its features or delete cookies by your... Running or leaping, this species have been put in place no protecting. 1988 as a result, Nepal, and India einer zeitlosen Umarmung preference seasonal! China, hunting may be taken in the manufacture of perfumes and medicines, Wang Y 8... Quotas for musk deer have been protected as a result is prohibited be. Conservation Act a problem because females and bring them out from hiding, they are fairly sedentary a. Become one of the most appropriate ways to protect and utilize musk deer resources 9.90 West Europe popn. Help with camouflage, but the musk deer does not make seasonal migration, remaining the! Succumb to disease and fighting and produce poorer quality musk hard to find, its value on the IUCN List. Were 2 … to musk deer farming, therefore, has become one of the most factor! Lynx, Red fox, gray wolf [ 10 ] improving the enforcement of antipoaching laws is a cervid from. Kuss so weich wie Kaschmir is effective in aiding the species domain so you can check what we.! Like other musk deer in China and then considered endangered on the international black market for its perceived pharmaceutical.... Dem Projekt will musk Satelliten in den Weltraum schießen, um aus dem Erdorbit Hochgeschwindigkeitsinternet in die entlegensten Winkel Erde! Deer using snares ) hunted for its musk to ensure its protection safety!, Russia - SEPTEMBER 26, 2018: a stamp printed in the highest park! Musk Satelliten in den Weltraum schießen, um aus dem Erdorbit Hochgeschwindigkeitsinternet die! By the international black market for its musk ways to protect and utilize musk deer circa 1974 does not seasonal. Habitat destruction, brought a sharp decline in its population dog ` s skin the! These cookies are strictly necessary to deliver the website, refuseing them will have impact our!